Cuba Gardens of the Queen

A classic Chevrolet car in the parking lot of the Hemingway Museum

As the wheels touched down at Havana’s International airport, the plane erupted with cheers and applause. Many of the passengers on board had waited years, if not decades, to return home and visit relatives in Cuba. As part of a small group of Americans visiting for the first time, I knew immediately that we were in for a special treat.

More than half a billion years ago the first split in the family tree separated one lineage from all other animals. Traditionally, scientists have thought it was sponges but DNA research shows it was comb jellies
More than half a billion years ago the first split in the family tree separated one lineage from all other animals. Traditionally, scientists have thought it was sponges but DNA research shows it was comb jellies

Comb jellies are our oldest cousins, not sponges

The phylogenetic relationship of ctenophores (comb jellies) to other animals has been a source of long-standing debate.

Until recently, it was thought that Porifera (sponges) was the earliest diverging animal lineage, but recent reports have instead suggested Ctenophora as the earliest diverging animal lineage.

For the past 30 years, researchers have used whole-genome sequencing of organisms to advance their understanding of evolution.