Image at the top:  Great Barrier Reef, Australia. An intertidal 'micro-atoll'. Photo: Isobel Bennett.

Coral colonies of P. cylindrica have a unique internal solution to the problem of forming their skeletons and building reef structures in the face of rising ocean acidification.

Haemoglobin (Hb) is one of the most well-studied proteins to date and is key to blood oxygen (O₂) transport in nearly all vertebrates and some invertebrates, as it increases the total O₂ that can be transported in the blood and optimizes tissue O₂ delivery.

Rising temperature of the ocean west of the Antarctic Peninsula - one of the most rapidly warming places on the planet - should make it possible for king crab populations to move to the shallow continental shelf from their current deep-sea habitat within the next several decades, researchers from Florida Institute of Technology find

Using advanced diving technology to survey coral reefs at depths up to 300 feet, scientists could observe rarely seen ecosystems, during the expedition that took place aboard NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai within Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

The fish surveys at these depths revealed an extremely high abundance of species found only in the Hawaiian Islands. At some of the deep reefs surveyed, 100 percent of the fishes recorded were endemic.